conjuctions A conjunction is a part of speech that connects two words, phrases or clauses together. Conjunctions are noninflected and are used in exactly the same way as in English. Learn the most used Neoslavonic conjunctions from this table:
Coupling clauses can also be referenced by various reference, demonstrative and interrogative pronouns, numerals and adverbs (e.g. iže, ktory, koliko, kdě, ...) that connect the main concepts between the superordinate and the subordinate clause. examples: hlěb i vino = bread and wine ni cesara ni krala = neither any emperor nor any king Hočete li piti pivo ili vino? = Do You want to drink beer or wine? (either beer or wine) Dobro to mysliš, no ne jest to možno. = You mean it well, but it is not possible. Išel jesm kupovati do t'rgu, bo doma ne bylo nikake jadenje. = I went for shopping at the market, because there was nothing to eat at home. Ne hoču auto, v ktorem jest slaby motor. = I do not want a car, in which the engine is weak. (pronoun with preposition v ktorem makes the conjunction) particles A particle is a special part of speech, which complements the word or clause by any additional information detail. We already learned the particle li, which changes the verb from the indicative mode to the interrogative mode, and the particles da, ne. Here is the table of the most used Neoslavonic particles:
examples:
Ače izjutra bude dobro vreme, pak ne hoču ostati v domu. = If the weather will be good tomorrow, then I do not want to stay at home.
interjectionsEsperanto imaje prostu gramatiku. Obače važi, že to ne jest dobry jezyk. = Esperanto has a simple grammar. Yet it is not a good language. Ej, to jest pravda! = Oh yes/yea, it is true! note: Slavic languages often replace the querying particle ako (or similar) by a verb in querying mode (e.g. bude li dobro vreme, ...). Remember that this style has the same meaning as the standard ako ... . An interjection or an exclamation is a noninflected word used to express an emotion or sentiment on the part of the speaker. They are for example oh! = oh!, uva! = lo!, see!, behold! example: Oh, to ne jest možno! = Oh, this is not possible! Moreover, any direct speech closed in quotation marks is semantically considered as an interjection too. example: "Dobro jesmo!" je kazal tamtoj člověk. = "We are all right" said that man. Žaba "plesk!" je skočila do vody. = A frog "splash!" jumped into the water. a joke telefonat Dědko telefonuje do doma, i telefon bere maly Ivanek. dědko: "Zdravej! Prošu, daj mi mamku!" Ivanek slabim glasom otgovorivaje: "Ja ne možu, mamka jest v kuhnji i mnogo plače." dědko: "Dobro, daj mi otca!" Ivanek iznovo slabo otgovorivaje: "Ja ne možu, otec jest takože v kuhnji i mnogo kriči." dědko: "Spokojno, daj mi babku!" Ivanek: "Babku takože ne možu. Ona je s mamkoj i plače." dědko nervozno: "Prošu Tebe, jest li u Vas ještě někto vazrastly?" Ivanek: "Da, policija tu je." dědko kriči do telefona: "Bože! I što u Vas dělaje policija?" Ivanek slabim glasom otgovorivaje: "Oni mně iskajut." dědko (m.) = a grandfather, granddad Ivanek = little Ivan (personal name) telefon (m.) = a phone telefonovati, telefonuješ (v. impf.) = to call via phone dom (m.) = a house brati, bereš (v.) = to take maly (adj.) = small zdravej! (int.) = hi! prositi, prosiš (v.) = to please dati, daješ (v. pf.) = to give dělati, dělaješ (v. pf.) = to do mamka (f.) = a mother, mummy plakati, plačeš (v.) to cry slaby (adj.) = weak glas (m.) = a voice otgovorivati, otgovorivaješ (v. impf.) = to answer otec (m.) = a father takože (adv.) = too, as well iznovo (adv.) = again kuhnja (f.) = a kitchen mnogo (adv.) = a lot kričati, kričiš (v. impf.) = to shout, to scream spokojno (adv.) = well-content, cheerfully nervozno (adv.) = nervously babka (f.) = a grandmother, granny ještě (adv.) = yet more vazrastly (adj.) = adult policija (f.) = police Bog, Bože! (m.) = the God iskati, iskaješ (v. impf.) = to search, to look for |
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